Kilo Class (Type 636, Russia)
The Kilo Class submarine was designed for anti-submarine
and anti-ship warfare in the protection of naval bases,
coastal installations and sea lanes, and also for general
reconnaissance and patrol missions. The Kilo is considered
to be to be one of the quietest diesel submarines in
the world. The submarine consists of six watertight
compartments separated by transverse bulkheads in a
pressurized double-hull. This design and the submarine's
reserve buoyancy lead to increased survivability if
the submarine is holed, even with one compartment and
two adjacent ballast tanks flooded. The foreplanes are
positioned on the upper hull in front of the fin or
sail. The command and control systems and fire control
systems are located in the main control room, which
is sealed off from the other compartments.
The Project 636 design is a generally improved development
of the Project 877EKM Kilo class that represents an
interim design between the standard 'Kilo' and the new
Lada project. The Project 636 is actively promoted for
the world market by the Rosvoorouzhenie state-owned
company. This submarine has improved range, firepower,
acoustic characteristics and reliability. Visually distinguished
by a step on the aft casing, the length of the hull
is extended by two frame spacings (2 x 600 mm). The
additional length permitted increasing the power of
diesel-generators and mounting them on improved shock-absorbing
support, and reducing twofold the main propulsion shaft
speed. Owing to these improvements, the submarine speed
and sea endurance were increased, while the noise level
was radically decreased.
The low noise level of the submarine has been achieved
with the selection of quiet machinery, vibration and
noise isolation and a special anti-acoustic rubber coating
applied on the outer hull surface. The Project 636 is
equipped with six 533 mm forward torpedo tubes situated
in the nose of the submarine and carries eighteen torpedoes
with six in the torpedo tubes and twelve stored on the
racks. Alternatively the torpedo tubes can deploy mines.
The submarine can carry 24 mines with two in each of
the six tubes and twelve on the racks. Two torpedo tubes
are designed for firing remote-controlled torpedoes
with a very high accuracy. All torpedo tubes and their
service systems provide effective firing from periscope
to operational depths. The computer-controlled torpedo
system is provided with a quick-loading device. It takes
only 15 seconds to prepare stand-by torpedo tubes for
firing: The first salvo is fired within two minutes
and the second within five minutes.
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General
Characteristics, Kilo Class (Type 636)
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Builders:
Admiralty Shipyard
(Sudomekh), Shipyard 199, Nizhniy
Novgorod [completed at Sevmashpredpriyatiye,
Severodvinsnk] Shipyard 112, Komsolol'sk-na-Amur
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Power Plant:
Diesel and
electric motors 2 x 1000 kW Diesel
generators 1 x 5,500-6,800 shp Propulsion
motor 1 x 7-blade [or 6-blade] fixed-pitch
Propeller
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Length, Overall:
72.6-73.8 meters
long
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Displacement:
2,350 tons surfaced
3,126-4,000 tons full-load submerged
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Speed:
11 knots surfaced
20 knots submerged
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Diving Depth:
250 meters
operational
l300 meters maximum
17.5 meters periscope
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Armament:
8 Strela-3
(SA-N-8 Gremlin)
or 8 Igla (SA-N-10 Gimlet) missiles
18 VA-111 torpedoes (with nuclear
capability) or 24 mines
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Radar:
1 MRK-50 (Snoop
Tray-2) general purpose detection
radar
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Sonar:
MGK-400 Rubikon
(Shark Teeth) active/passive sonar
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Endurance:
7,500 miles
with snorkel (@ 7 knots)
400 miles Submerged (@ 3 knots)
At full run (@ 20 knots) 45 days sea
endurance
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