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Gen. Colin Powell
| Gen.
Colin Powell |
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| JCS Chairman Gen. Colin Powell speaks
via satellite to the Pentagon during a visit to troops in the
Middle East. (USAF photo by Master Sgt. Thom Jennings) |
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Son of Immigrants Rose to the Top of U.S.
Military
By Bethanne Kelly Patrick
Military.com Writer
Colin Powell was the 10-year-old son of Jamaican immigrants in 1948
when President Harry S. Truman ordered the desegregation of America's
armed forces. As the 10-year-old boy would say 50 years later, "This
isn’t ancient history; this is my generation."
Racism was far from gone by the time Powell became an Army officer.
But you wouldn't have been able to tell by Powell's meteoric career.
After graduating from City College of New York with an ROTC commission
as an Army second lieutenant, Powell became an Airborne Ranger and served
two tours in Vietnam. His commands included a battalion, a brigade,
and the Army’s V Corps, while his awards included two Presidential Medals
of Freedom, the Defense Distinguished Service Medal (with three Oak
Leaf Clusters), a Purple Heart, and numerous decorations from other
countries -- even British knighthood.
From Oct. 1, 1989, to Sept. 30, 1993, the boy from Brooklyn, N.Y., served
as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the principal military advisor
to presidents George Bush and Bill Clinton. Upon retiring from active
duty in 1993, Powell wrote his autobiography, "My American Journey,"
and began a busy lecture circuit. Powell served on the board of several
organizations, including the Board of Trustees of Howard University,
the United Negro College Fund, and The Boys & Girls Clubs of America.
Frederick Douglass wrote, "Once you put upon the Black man brass that
says ‘U.S.’ ... make him a soldier of the nation ... then no power on
earth could deny him ever the full rights of citizenship." But it wasn’t
enough for the president to sign an order. The military had to create
an atmosphere where, in Douglass’ words, you "show that [the Black man]
is the equal to any other soldier." It took time, but Colin Powell realized
the promise of those words. In a 1996 speech, the former chairman described
himself as "a retired soldier, a fellow citizen who has lived the American
Dream to the fullest."
In January 2001, when President George W. Bush took office, Colin Powell
again took an oath to serve the U.S. government -- this time as the
country's first African-American secretary of state.
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